WEBVTT

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I look up at the night sky probably every single night and I wonder all the time what

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we're not being told about space. And it fell down this rabbit hole and it's just a little aside,

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but I thought you should see this. Radio listeners on October 4th 1957 may have

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heard a series of beeps coming over their radios. As that's the day history generally

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acknowledges that the Soviets launched Sputnik.

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On October 4th 1957, while the Americans were still finalizing their plans, Sputnik was launched.

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Which I think is pronounced Sputnik, but I'm going to pronounce it Sputnik because Sputnik sounds

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ridiculous. Sorry, I'm not going to do it.

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Sputnik was the first man made satellite

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put into orbit, which beat out the US Vanguard satellites and officially touched off the Cold

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War space race. In fact, just a month afterwards, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev was on the front

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page of US papers challenging the US to a competition of space Sputniks. Which just

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sounds lame. I mean you should just go with space race. Competition of space Sputniks just sounds

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silly. Sputnik is the single event that is credited with the entire reason why President

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Eisenhower created ARPA, the Advanced Research Projects Agency on February 7th 1958, which would

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eventually be changed to DARPA, but also the creation of NASA, which was made official with

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the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958, which was passed and signed into law that July.

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And then a few months later in September 1958, the National Defense Education Act was passed as well

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again in response to the launch of Sputnik. And on the official senate website for the NDEA,

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it actually says there had been strong resistance to federal aid to education,

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but as public opinion demanded government action in the wake of Sputnik, blah blah blah

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had to shove this through. The launching of Sputnik is so central that it's credited not only

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with changing the entire course of the Cold War, but with the official start of the space age.

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Already many plans are being advanced for the coming age of man in space.

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And the other part of that story that's gone down in history is this idea that Americans

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were just so hysterical and terrified that the Soviets launched a satellite into space

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that is now in the 21st century been referred to as the 9-11 of its time. Sputnik was the 9-11

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of our day. People were shocked that Russia had a technology that could do this and we didn't.

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It's in the sky, a 23 inch metal sphere placed in orbit by a Russian rocket. Here

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an artist's conception of how the feat was accomplished. Former chief historian of NASA

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Roger Launius wrote, quote, Sputnik night as four five October has come to be called,

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reverberated through the American public in the days that followed. Two generations after the

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event, words do not easily convey the American reaction to the Soviet satellite. The only

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appropriate characterization that begins to capture the mood on five October involves the

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use of the word hysteria. A collective mental turmoil and soul searching followed.

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And that's the way he's writing about it. It's very, very dramatic. It sounds like everyone was

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freaking out and they even have a term for this. They call it the Sputnik crisis and Wikipedia

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has an entry on it, which defines it as quote, a period of public fear and anxiety in western

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nations about the perceived technological gap between the United States and Soviet Union

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caused by the Soviets launch of Sputnik one. And they also mentioned on there

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that there was a crisis reaction in the newspapers with outlets like the New York

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Times mentioning Sputnik in 279 different articles between October 6, 1957 and October 31, 1957.

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In fact, on October 6, the New York Times quoted an unnamed naval scientist who claimed

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the very fact that the satellite is whizzing around the earth would indicate that the Russians

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are ahead in rocketry. It means that the Russians must have the intercontinental ballistic missile.

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And on the following day, the New York Times suggested that the Soviet Union would soon

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have enough missiles to place every major United States city in base under threat of

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annihilation. So that's the tack they were taking with this. And the story that gets

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told now is about how Americans were suddenly faced with the fact that America wasn't the

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supreme scientific nation on earth and people were just so disheartened by that.

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What about the vital question that everybody is thinking about? Why and how did the Russians

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beat us to the drill? And also extremely fearful that Soviet sending up Sputnik would

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be a means to eventually allowing them to nuke America from space and that people were

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generally just beside themselves with anxiety over this. But what I found was not at all

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like how that's portrayed. I found articles about how the Pentagon was worried sick and

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Congress was fighting over it because there was an election coming up. I found Speaker of the House

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John McCormick quoted as saying the United States faces national extinction if they don't

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respond quickly. Here's a quote from him. It cannot be overemphasized that the survival

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of the free world indeed all of the world is caught up in the stakes.

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I tell you gentlemen science has agreed that unless something is done and done quickly

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man as the dominant species of life on earth would be extinct within a year.

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Which is interesting because buried in the middle of the Edmonton Journal I also found

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an article about US Senator Homer Capehart who apparently went over there and evaluated their

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scientific and industrial progress and said he wasn't very impressed because what he describes

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as going on is a lot of propaganda that sounds vaguely North Korea-esque. He was there for two

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and a half weeks and he said leading stores for example which are all owned by the government

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conducting these lavish fashion shows where they have visitors from Asia in the Middle East and

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have models strutting around in these gowns to orchestra music but at the end of the show if you

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go ask about these dresses the store tells you they don't have any of these things on hand.

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All they have are patterns which you could use to make it yourself if you can find material

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anywhere with which to do that. He says there's also an industrial exhibit spread over several acres

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of land which has the very latest design machine tools and farm equipment and stuff like that in these

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well-architectured ornate buildings but he didn't see any of that equipment in the hands of the

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people anywhere. So it all to him appeared to be much like a show or a Potemkin village.

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And he says I'm not trying to minimize their scientific achievement or anything

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but it's just there's something here that's not adding up is basically what you get out of

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this article. A lot of what I found comes off as propaganda about fear that people should be having

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more than reporting on actual public concern or anxieties itself like this article that was created

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at the request of the united press and then syndicated for like a month in newspapers all

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over the country written by the very reverend James Pike about how more fear would be good

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for the US and how he's afraid Americans aren't afraid enough about Sputnik which can be seen in

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his view as God's judgment on Americans for resisting which should be seen as God's judgment

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on Americans for resisting taxation for scientific advancement. Problem reaction solution. I also

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found an article where you have psychologists saying that Americans are nervous and they should

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blame Sputnik but as soon as the government launches one of our own satellites that anxiety will disappear

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which which again just sounds like more defense propaganda. Oh and I did find one radio station

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that actually went directly from reporting on Sputnik to just playing Orson Welles' War of

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the Worlds from 1938 without any introduction. Yes I guess that's the thing directly in front of

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me half buried in a vast pit must have stuck with terrific force the ground is covered with

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sprinters of a tree it must have stuck on its way down but I can see if the object itself doesn't

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look very much like a meteor least not the meteors I've seen it looks more like a huge cylinder.

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Prompting like 60 phone calls from listeners concerned that Sputnik despite being about

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the size of a beach ball was somehow able to land hostile Russians in North America.

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Far outweighing articles on fears and anxiety I found articles about people eating Sputnik burgers

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and Sputnik Sundays and getting Sputnik hairdos which are pretty awful really especially this one

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and this one and having Sputnik cocktails lots of bars coming up with a Sputnik cocktail.

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There are stories about kids naming their class Goldfish Sputnik.

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There was an article about how people were a lot more upset about the economy than they were concerned

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about Sputnik. There's even several articles about how the AP sent its reporters to two different

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average cities one in the north and one in the south to kind of sample public opinion

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and they found that average Americans appear unconcerned with Wisconsinites refusing

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to admit that the US was lagging behind Russia and their response to bringing Sputnik up was

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to make jokes about it as the people quote show little sign of deep concern and then you had people

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from Gatlinburg Tennessee noting that America's satellites will be twice as big when they get

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theirs out with the AP reporter concluding when the average man in the south speaks about the

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Russian satellites at all today and you don't hear much talk of them he is more likely to joke

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than to express anxiety or outright fear. How do you feel about it? Well I just think they beat

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us to the punch we've been talking about it working on it but nothing's happened. I mean one article I

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found in the spokesman review even straight up calls for psychological warfare experts to come

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up with a new name to stir the pride of Americans out of concern that the word Sputnik had so

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penetrated the American consciousness that the nation might start referring to American

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satellites as Sputniks too which would be very bad so we needed a new word and psychological

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warfare experts need to figure out what will make us feel more prideful so we don't call

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our satellite Sputniks because everyone liked that word. I mean how does this match up with

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a collective mental turmoil with soul searching? We may be witnesses to a bignical prophecy

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come true and there should be destruction and darkness come up in creation and the beasts

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shall reign over the earth. The only appropriate characterization that begins to capture the mood

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of 5 October involves use of the word hysteria like... Do you think it'll mean we'll get to the moon

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soon? I hope so I might go up there. Where's the evidence of any of this hysteria? Interestingly I did

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find a top level scientific report by the American Rocket Society whose president just so happened to

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be a commander in the US Navy at the time was already proposing a federal space flight program

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to the moon within 20 years which is a report that just so happened to come out two days before

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Sputnik was launched. But here's the real kicker what if I told you the American scientific

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community and thus the defense community because that was all kind of one thing in the Cold War

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knew about Sputnik for at least two years before it was actually launched because yeah

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they did. So here's this memo and it's a proposed news release from the National Academy of Sciences

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dated June 1957 which it says not for release except by specific authority of the National

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Academy of Sciences so I'm guessing they didn't actually release this one because if you read

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this what it tells you is they knew this was going to happen since 1955 because it was all

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part of a plan that everyone knew about. So you have a statement here from Dr. Delav Bronk who just

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by the way was concurrently president of the Rockefeller University at the same time he was

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president of the National Academy of Sciences and he's just casually mentioning here they have

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now learned of detailed Soviet plans for the launching of an artificial earth satellite and

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not just for no reason or because they decided to suddenly it's actually part of the scientific

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program for the international geophysical year which is what 1957 to 58 was.

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July 1st marks the beginning of one of the great scientific adventures of our time

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the international geophysical year during this period which will actually be 18 months long

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the scientists of the United States will join their efforts with those of the scientists of

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some 60 other nations to make the most intensive study ever undertaken of our planet and that this

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was formally announced to them back in 1956. It says here an announcement to that effect was

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made last September by Soviet representatives at a meeting of the international committee that

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guides the overall planning for the IGY and then it says earlier references to such a program

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were made in general terms by Soviet scientists in the summer of 1955 shortly after the formal

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announcement of the United States scientific earth satellite program was made July 29th 1955 to the

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international IGY committee. We welcome the release of further details on the Soviet plans at this

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time both the United States and the Soviet announcements followed the recommendation of the

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international IGY committee that each participating nation consider whether it could undertake

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such a program. The committee based its recommendation on its conclusion that

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measurements of great significance to science and great potential benefits to humanity could be

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obtained with satellites. The secretary of defense announced this morning that the army is to

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participate in the international geophysical year satellite program. So they were told to do it

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the Soviets were told to do it by the committee for the IGY and it was well known and then

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their detailed plans to do so were given up to the national academy of sciences who all

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knew about this and they proposed a news release about it in June of 1957 months before it was

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actually launched. The most important result of the international geophysical year is the

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demonstration of the ability of people of all nations to work together harmoniously for the

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common good. And you know what's missing from this memo? Shock, confusion, anxiety, fear,

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hysteria. There's none of that. It's it's mentioned by Dr. Bronk really rather matter of fact

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and just kind of blah. It's just known for years in advance. It's going to be cool for science.

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Everyone's going to be sharing data and information with each other. Not a big deal

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because the Soviets in the United States were part of the international geophysical year and

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that was something the committee of that institution planned for them to undertake

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and ask them if they would do it. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory has been assigned the

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responsibility by the U.S. National Committee of the IGY and by the Army to complete the design

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and construction of these experiments in a suitable form for the Army rocket. The week that Sputnik

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was launched actually coincided with a six-day conference for the international geophysical

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year at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington that was specifically on rocket and

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satellite research for the IGY that included scientists from the United States, the Soviet Union

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and five other nations on their plans to share data and findings from their research on this topic.

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Following the announcement by the Secretary of Defense, numerous planning conferences were held

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in Washington DC, Huntsville, Alabama and Pasadena, California. So this was all super known,

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very much known, not even remotely a little bit of a surprise.

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So there you go, okay? Because the story that's gone down claims the whole reason that

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NASA suddenly had to exist and DARPA suddenly had to exist and a very unpopular national

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defense education program was suddenly pushed through is because the American people were

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just so hysterical and so afraid they practically demanded it. They were at Capitol Hill just

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banging down the door, begging them to institute these agencies, just demanding it.

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And yet there's really just no evidence. There's no evidence this was a scary surprise or even

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much of a surprise at all apparently to a lot of people it would appear. So why is that the

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story that's gone down? Because people actually seemed pretty excited about Sputnik in a lot

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of ways. I mean they were fixing their hair in Sputnik hairdos. Wow! Is that what you do when

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you're terrified? It just, the Sputnik crisis appears created, it appears made up, it appears

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completely fake. But you have NASA historian Launius over here claiming quote, the launch of Sputnik

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1 had a Pearl Harbor effect on American public opinion. It was a shock introducing the average

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citizen to the space age in a crisis setting. That smells like bullshit. Why did they have to

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introduce the average citizen to the space age in a crisis setting? And that's that's the whole

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relationship now that is the history of people to space. I just can't seem to locate any evidence

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to support that people were actually hysterical. And apparently neither can Kim McQuade who published

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an article called Sputnik Reconsidered Image and Reality in the Early Space Age in the winter 2007

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edition of Canadian Review of American Studies who found quote, chroniclers regularly affirm that

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Russia's Sputniks produced popular crisis. More nuanced explanations argue that a preliminary

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media riot made cosmic space races an essential counterpart of earthly missile races in the

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public mind. Widespread public interest and political support for the US civilian space program

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during its formative years is presumed as is the concept that space explorations were a key global

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determinant of US Cold War prestige. Such ideas are overdrawn. Contemporary analysts often

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studied to confirm what they already knew unattractive official findings were censored or ignored.

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Surveying all formerly secret and other opinion data about civilian space exploration from

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Sputnik 1 to the end of the mercury program shows how space exploration advocates helped create

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elite panic regarding the Sputniks via selective reporting while wider publics generally stayed

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indifferent to lunar and planetary missions. Elite panic, not mass panic, impelled the

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priorities and programs of the early space age. Because nothing says panic like elite panic.

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I even found a historian who wrote a chapter on this, talking about how JFK wasn't particularly

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interested in space and privately admitted the whole escapade was a waste of money,

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but he nevertheless knew the rewards to be reaped from a frightened electorate.

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But it doesn't even seem like they were that frightened. So there's elite panic,

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which just sounds like manufactured panic, which they couldn't even really manufacture

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is the thing. Why did I show you this? I was looking for something else

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tangentially related, but not not this. And then I just stumbled into this like, oh,

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it's another elevator in the Truman Show. Why? Because it bothers this shit out of me, guys.

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Why is it that everything in our society is done in this crisis mode?

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You never want a serious crisis to go to waste. And what I mean by that,

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it's an opportunity to do things that you think you could not do before.

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Or they have to make it seem like there's a crisis happening.

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Why does every piece of progress humanity gets to have have to start in this way?

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It's not even a real crisis. It is a manufactured phony crisis.

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But there's always some bloody battle or some horrible event. You know, if it's not Pearl

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Harbor, then it's Sputnik. If it's not Sputnik, then it's

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Gulf of Tonkin getting us into the Vietnam War, which was a false flag, or the Challenger Explosion,

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or Y2K, or 9-11, or whatever. There's always something, right?

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Because we can't just be excited about the future. We have to be terrified of it every

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single time with some fake manufactured crisis. And this means they started the entire space age

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basically on a lie. That's what it means.

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Even small children understand the concept that if you start an endeavor on a lie,

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it's not going to go well. Once you start on a lie, there's really nowhere else to go but more lies.

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Because you have to tell more lies to cover up the lie you already told. You have to keep telling

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lies. Unless you tell the truth, which they didn't do. They're still not doing. To this day, they're

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still not doing it. It's kind of amazing. To this day, you still have the New York Times being like,

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it was the 9-11 of their time. No, it wasn't. It wasn't actually the 9-11 of anyone's time.

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There's no evidence to show that it was. I think they wanted it to be the 9-11 of

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everyone's time. Although, that's the question. Why? Why did they want that to be? Was it

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really just to create an illusion of a technological gap, which at least the NASA historian admits was

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an illusion that they created? The event created an illusion of a technological gap

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to provide the impetus for increased spending for aerospace endeavors and

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they couldn't get people excited about it in any other way. It had to be done in this way, really.

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And then you've got people who just repeat that information as if this is the true story.

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And it's not. And why is that okay for them? Why is it okay for some people to just repeat

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talking points about what supposedly happened and they're not interested to actually go look at

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what actually did happen, which is a lot of times not the same. I don't understand it.

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You know, I think it's so bizarre that as an American, I can throw a rock in almost any

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direction. I don't even have to throw it that far. Actually, the rock could just kind of fall

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out of my pocket and I'm finding some stuff like this. Why is that? Because that's messed up, okay?

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That feels so weird. I thought this was a basic known piece of information and it's not. It's

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not. And the sad part is I could do this all day, especially during the Cold War period,

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but you could do it with lots of other periods, too. In fact, the entire 20th century is rife

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with this stuff if you just go look. But it's just really sad that we have to live that way

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and that we've not stopped living that way. And in order to understand where you are,

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you have to look at where we've actually been because this is a formula. This manufactured

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crisis is a formula that is used. And I guess they just think everyone is not, not intelligent enough

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to handle the truth. So we're going to infantilize everyone, keep them in a childlike state by

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constantly lying about everything. But you know, that's not really good for human consciousness.

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It's not really, it doesn't bode well for any of the promises of the future. And by the way,

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the same formula is being used. We're living in it right now. Everything that's about to

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happen, same formula. I mean, look at what just got done happening for the last four years. It's

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the same formula. And you could say, well, they do it because it works. Well, it didn't really work,

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though, because people didn't believe it. People didn't believe it at the time they didn't believe

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it. It's only since then, with lots of distance, they've been able to kind of continue to reaffirm

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that that's what happened. And now that's what people think happened because that's what

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they've heard. But it's not actually what occurred. I don't know, isn't anyone else sick and tired of

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this being the way everything is? Why does it have to be this way? All those images of the future

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and how cool it could be, you can't do that if you base everything on just lies and fake crises

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and bullshit. It's not ever going to happen. It never will never, it will never happen. So

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that's really sad. That's sad for everyone. So why did I show you this? I don't know. I'm

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surprised that it's just one more thing. It's just one more lie. Guess just throw it on the pile of lies.

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Yay, we live on a freaking throne of lies. But I still look up at the night sky all the time and

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wonder what we aren't being told about space. We may be witnessing the beginning of an era that

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will mean the complete annihilation of man. Oh, and by the way, here's an article that came

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out October 25th, 1957. So a couple weeks after the launch of Sputnik, mystery surrounds mothballed

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satellites. One of the unpublished facts about the American Sputnik snafu is that the army has

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six satellites in a warehouse in Huntsville, Alabama, all ready to launch and could have been launched

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before the Sputnik, thus keeping the USA ahead of the USSR and science and preventing one of the

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difficult to fathom, the army was under orders not to launch these satellites.

